Yates doesnβt believe lunges activate the quads as well as squats.
Dorian Yatesβ unparalleled size and muscle density revolutionized bodybuilding, earning him six consecutive Mr. Olympia titles (1992-97) and a devoted fan base that still follows his training advice. Yates retired after his final victory as one of only four champions in history to leave the stage as the reigningΒ Mr. Olympia.
As the original Mass Monster, Yates followed a strict workout plan known as βBlood & Guts,β famous for its emphasis on heavy weights and low volume. To grow the type of muscle Yates was after, he championed plenty of meat-and-potato compound lifts, like squats, bent-over rows, and the incline bench press.
- That said, there were two exercises that didnβt make the cut:Β upright rowsΒ andΒ lunges.
βNever done upright rows; silly, silly exercise. Is it a bit of biceps? Traps? Delts? Itβs a nothing exercise,β Yates once said. βUpright rows and lunges: silly exercises. Waste of time.β
Yates vs. Upright Rows
Yates raised the question of which muscles the upright row targets. Instead of what he sees as a wasted movement, He recommendsΒ dumbbell bent-over flyesΒ instead to target theΒ rear delts.
Research indicates that upright rows primarily engage theΒ biceps,Β upper back, andΒ shoulders, with a wider grip increasing activation in theΒ trapsΒ and deltoids. (1) However, many experts argue that the risks toΒ shoulder healthΒ outweigh the potential muscle-building benefits. Excessive internal shoulder rotation in upright rows can contribute to shoulder impingement issues.
A study published in theΒ Journal of Strength and Conditioning ResearchΒ advises against lifting beyond a 90Β° angle during upright rows to reduce the risk of subacromial impingement syndrome. (2) Additionally, improper form, especially when usingΒ heavy weights, significantly increases the likelihood ofΒ injuries.
[Related: 3 Reasons Why Upright Rows Are Bad]
β¦and the Case Against Lunges
Yates also believes lunges offer little value to bodybuilders and waste time. From a bodybuilding perspective, he argues that lunges are largely ineffective, serving only to improve balance andΒ mobility rather than building muscle.
He explained that training legs is about engaging theΒ quadsΒ andΒ hamstrings, and he argued that lunges do neither effectively.Β
Lunges are beneficial for athletes involved in sports that require balance, but for bodybuilders, they fail to allow the quads to reachΒ muscular failure. Research suggests that training to muscular failure is efficient forΒ muscle hypertrophy; however, it did not show any significant advantages to non-failure training. (3)Β
Growing the quads requires isolating their stimulus so that they can fatigue under load. To achieve this, Yates recommendsΒ squats.
When you do a squat and sit down flawlessly, it is 10 times better than lunges.
βDorian Yates
Lunges may not be Yatesβs go-to exercise, but they still hold value in a well-rounded training program. A 2020 study published in theΒ Journal of Sport RehabilitationΒ found that lunges activate the quads and hamstrings more than squats (4). However, because lunges require greater balance and coordination, squats are generally more practical for lifting heavier weights.
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References
- McAllister, M. J., Schilling, B. K., Hammond, K. G., Weiss, L. W., & Farney, T. M. (2013). Effect of grip width on electromyographic activity during the upright row. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 27(1), 181β187.Β https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31824f23adΒ
- Kolber, M. J., Cheatham, S. W., Salamh, P. A., & Hanney, W. J. (2014). Characteristics of shoulder impingement in the recreational weight-training population. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 28(4), 1081β1089.Β https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000250Β
- Santanielo, N., NΓ³brega, S. R., Scarpelli, M. C., Alvarez, I. F., Otoboni, G. B., Pintanel, L., & Libardi, C. A. (2020). Effect of resistance training to muscle failure vs non-failure on strength, hypertrophy and muscle architecture in trained individuals. Biology of sport, 37(4), 333β341.Β https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.96317
- Wu, H. W., Tsai, C. F., Liang, K. H., & Chang, Y. W. (2020). Effect of Loading Devices on Muscle Activation in Squat and Lunge. Journal of sport rehabilitation, 29(2), 200β205.Β https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2018-0182
Featured image: @thedorianyates on Instagram